An autoclave sterilizes at what temperature and pressure?

The correct answer, which states that an autoclave sterilizes at 121 degrees Celsius at 15 psi, is based on the established principles of steam sterilization. Autoclaves use saturated steam under pressure to achieve sterilization, a process that effectively kills bacteria, viruses, and spores.

The temperature of 121 degrees Celsius is significant because it is the optimal temperature for steam sterilization; at this temperature and pressure, the steam can effectively penetrate and sterilize materials such as surgical instruments, laboratory equipment, and certain medical supplies.

The pressure of 15 psi is also crucial; it is necessary to reach and maintain this temperature during the sterilization cycle. The combination of high temperature and pressure ensures that the microbial life is killed in a manner that is both time-efficient and thorough, often completing sterilization in approximately 15 to 30 minutes, depending on the material being sterilized and the steam penetration properties.

In contrast, the other temperature and pressure combinations either do not meet the established standards for effective sterilization or operate at conditions that are less common or not used in standard autoclave practices.