What does the term "peak demand" refer to in water distribution systems?

The term "peak demand" specifically refers to the highest water usage recorded within a specific period. This measurement is critical for water distribution systems as it allows operators to anticipate maximum water flow requirements, ensuring that the infrastructure can accommodate bursts of usage during busy times, such as hot weather or during events. Understanding peak demand helps in planning for adequate water supply, optimizing distribution networks, and avoiding pressure drops or failures during periods of high consumption. This term is contrasted with average or low usage metrics, which do not account for the extremes of demand that may require different levels of resource allocation and infrastructure design.