What is the purpose of cathodic protection?

Cathodic protection is a method used to prevent corrosion of metal surfaces, particularly in structures exposed to moisture, such as pipelines, tanks, and other metal installations. The technique works by using electrochemical processes to reduce the corrosion rate that would ordinarily occur when metals come into contact with the environment.

In water distribution systems, metal pipelines and components are subject to corrosion due to electrochemical reactions that can lead to deterioration over time. Cathodic protection helps mitigate this issue by either applying a sacrificial anode (a more reactive metal that sacrifices itself to protect the primary metal) or using an impressed current that alters the electrochemical environment around the metal surfaces. By maintaining a negative electrical charge, the corrosion process is significantly slowed or halted, thus extending the lifespan of the metal infrastructure.

The other choices do not accurately describe the function of cathodic protection. Enhancing water flavor pertains to treatment processes that focus on taste and odor control; increasing water pressure relates to hydraulic operations within the distribution system; and improving filtration systems involves physical processes for removing particulates from water, which are not connected to the issue of metal corrosion.