What is the purpose of water quality testing in distribution systems?

Water quality testing in distribution systems is primarily conducted to ensure that the water supplied to consumers meets safety and health standards. This process involves analyzing the water for various contaminants and parameters, such as bacteria, chemicals, and other hazardous substances, which could pose risks to public health. By regularly testing for these factors, water utilities can identify potential issues and take corrective actions before water reaches consumers. This is crucial for maintaining public health, preventing waterborne diseases, and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards set by health agencies.

The other options focus on aspects that are important for the overall function and efficiency of the water distribution system, such as flow rate measurements, structural integrity of pipes, and managing water pressure. However, these aspects do not directly address the primary health concerns that water quality testing aims to manage. Therefore, the emphasis on safety and health standards is what makes this choice the most relevant in the context of water quality testing.