What is the typical strength of bulk sodium hypochlorite for disinfecting water supplies?

The typical strength of bulk sodium hypochlorite used for disinfecting water supplies is indeed around 12.5%. This concentration is widely utilized because it effectively kills bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens in water while also being manageable for dosage and handling in water treatment facilities. The 12.5% concentration strikes a balance between providing sufficient disinfection while minimizing the risks and challenges associated with handling stronger concentrations. Lower concentrations, such as 5% or 10%, may not be as effective for large-scale disinfection, as they may require significantly higher volumes to achieve the same level of efficacy. On the other hand, higher concentrations like 15% could pose greater safety risks and complicate the treatment process. Thus, 12.5% sodium hypochlorite is a standard and practical choice in the water treatment industry for disinfection purposes.