Why is it important to install a service lateral on a water main at a 45-degree angle?

Installing a service lateral on a water main at a 45-degree angle is important primarily to prevent sediments and air from entering the system. This angle helps ensure a smooth transition for water flow as it enters the lateral, reducing turbulence that could disturb sediment accumulated in the bottom of the main. When service laterals are installed horizontally or at steeper angles, there is a higher risk of disturbing these sediments, which can lead to sediment build-up at the service connection and create potential water quality issues.

Furthermore, the angled installation helps in maintaining proper flow characteristics, which can minimize the likelihood of air entrapment. Air in the water distribution system can lead to a range of problems, including corrosion, inefficiencies in flow, and even the potential for pressure loss.

This practice enhances the overall reliability and efficiency of the water distribution system by promoting optimal water quality and preventing operational complications that could arise from sediment and air issues.